In Herzberg's two-factor theory, which factors are associated with job satisfaction?

• A. Hygiene factors
• B. Motivating factors
• C. Pay
• D. Job security

Answer: (B)

In Herzberg's two-factor theory, what creates true job satisfaction comes from motivating factors—intrinsic aspects of the job that give a sense of achievement, growth, and recognition. When the work itself is meaningful, employees feel challenged, trusted with responsibility, and see opportunities for advancement, leading to genuine satisfaction and motivation.

Pay and job security are hygiene factors. They matter for avoiding dissatisfaction—people don’t want to be underpaid or insecure—but they don’t by themselves generate lasting satisfaction. Even when hygiene factors are adequate, lacking motivating factors means the job may be comfortable but not genuinely rewarding.

So, the aspects that lead to job satisfaction are the motivating factors—the meaningful work, recognition, responsibility, and opportunities for growth and advancement.